荷花腐败病防治药剂室内筛选及田间药效试验

Indoor screening and field efficacy test of pesticides against lotus rhizome rot

【目的】筛选可有效控制荷花腐败病的化学药剂,为病害防控提供参考。【方法】选用34种化学药剂,以荷花腐败病菌株Hhgw-2-3为供试接种体,进行室内平板抑菌试验和土壤抑菌试验,并从中选取4种室内抑菌效果较好的化学药剂开展田间药效试验。【结果】平板抑菌试验结果表明,硫磺·多菌灵、丙环唑、福美双、苯醚甲环唑、咪鲜胺、恶霉灵、乙蒜素和氟硅唑等对荷花腐败病菌抑菌效果明显,抑菌率达80.00%~100.00%。土壤抑菌试验结果表明,氟硅唑、莲藕腐败灵、丙环唑、恶霉灵、咪鲜胺、福美双、生石灰＋硫磺（60＋3）、菌毒清、硫磺·多菌灵、百菌清和生石灰＋碳酸氢铵（2＋1）对荷花腐败病菌的抑菌效果较好,抑菌率在80.00%以上。田间药效试验结果表明,供试4种药剂恶霉灵、硫磺·多菌灵、咪鲜胺和菌毒清对荷花腐败病均有一定的防效,相对防效为11.15%~39.38%,其中以硫磺·多菌灵的效果最好,对荷花腐败病的相对防效为39.38%。【结论】硫磺·多菌灵对荷花腐败病的田间防效较好,且用药成本低,可在荷花病区大面积推广应用。

[Objective ]The efficient pesticides were screened to control lotus rhizome rot, in order to provide reference for disease control and prevention. [Method]Using pathogenic strain Hhgw-2-3 causing lotus rhizome rot as inoculum, 34 kinds of pesticides were selected to conduct indoor flat plate antibacterial test and soil antibacterial test, and of which, 4 kinds of pesticides with good antibacterial effect were screened to carry out field efficacy trials. [Result]The results of flat plate antibacterial test showed that, some pesticides including sulfu, earbendazim, propiconazole, thiram, difenoconazole, prochloraz, hymexazol, ethyliein and flusilazole, etc. showed obvious antibacterial effect on pathogen of lotus rhizome rot, and the inhibitory rate is up to 80.00%-100.00%. The results of soil antibacterial test showed that, 11 kinds of pesticides viz., flusilazole, lotus root spirit of corruption, propieonazole, hymexazol, proehloraz, tbiram, quicklime＋sulphur （ 60＋3 ） , chlorine dioxide, sulfu＋earbendazim, chlorothalonil and quicklime＋ammonium bicarbonate （2＋ 1 ） had good antibacterial effect on lotus rot pathogen, and the inhibitory rate was more than 80.00%. The results of field efficacy trials showed that, hymexazol, 4 kinds of pesticides viz., the hymexazol, sulfu, carbendazim, proehloraz, and chlorine dioxide all had certain control effect on lotus rot disease, the relative control effect was 11.15%-39.38%, especially suffu-earbendazim with the best control effect（39.38%）. [Conclusion]Sulfuocarbendazim has better control effect on lotus rhizome rot in field and is low-cost, so which can be applied to control lotus rhizome rot in large-scale lotus planting regions.