不同浓度氯吡脲对红阳猕猴桃质量及其安全性的影响

Effect of different oncentrations of forchlorfenuron on quality and safety of Hongyang kiwifruit

【目的】分析不同浓度氯吡脲处理的红阳猕猴桃产量、品质及其安全性,筛选适合红阳猕猴桃生产应用的氯吡脲使用方案。【方法】分别对开花后10 d的红阳猕猴桃花朵喷施5.0、6.7、12.5和50.0 mg/L氯吡脲溶液,以喷清水为对照（CK）,喷施后0、6、24、72、120和168 h分别测定各处理氯吡脲在红阳猕猴桃花体中的残留量;喷施后95 d测定果实平均单果重,采果后1~12 d测定各处理果实的失重率和可溶性固形物、有机酸、维生素C（Vc）含量及果实中氯吡脲的残留量。【结果】红阳猕猴桃花朵喷施5.0~50.0 mg/L氯吡脲后,其成熟果实内的氯吡脲残留量均低于国家标准（0.050mg/kg）。6.7 mg/L氯吡脲处理猕猴桃的平均单果重极显著轻于12.5 mg/L处理（P〈0.01,下同）,极显著重于CK及其他氯吡脲处理。6.7 mg/L氯吡脲处理的果实储存时间最长,且与CK及其他氯吡脲处理差异显著（P〈0.05,下同）;可溶性固形物、有机酸含量极显著高于其他氯吡脲处理,Vc含量显著高于其他氯吡脲处理。【结论】6.7 mg/L氯吡脲处理红阳猕猴桃的平均单果重较重、储存时间长、果实外观较好,可溶性固形物、有机酸及Vc含量较高,食用安全,可在红阳猕猴桃花期推广使用。

[ Objective ]The yield, quality and safety of Hongyang kiwifruit after treatment with different forchlorfenuron concentrations were investigated, in order to screen optimal usage of forchloffenuron in Hongyang kiwifruit production. [Method]The flowers of Hongyang kiwifruit were sprayed with forchlorfenuron at 5.0, 6.7, 12.5 and 50.0 mg/L on the 10^th d after flowering, respectively, with water as control （CK）. The forchlorfenuron residue content （FRC） in Hongyang kiwifruit curlicue was determined after 0, 6, 24, 72, 120 and 168 h, respectively. After 95 d, fruits were picked to determine average fruit weight, and the weight-loss ratio rate and soluble solid content, organic acid content, vitamin C （Vc） content and FRC of fruit were determined from 1 to 12 d after picking, respectively. [Result]After spraying flower with 5.0-50.0 mg/L forchlorfenuron, FRC of kiwifruit were lower than national standard（MRL was 0.050 mg/kg）. The average fruit weight of Hongyang kiwifruit sprayed with 6.7 mg/L forchlorfenuron were extremely significantly less than that of Hongyang kiwifruit sprayed with 12.5 mg/L（P〈0.01, the same below）, extremely significantly more than those of CK and other forchlorfenuron treatments. In addition, the fruit storage time of Hongyang kiwifruit sprayed with 6.7 mg/L forchlorfenuron was the longest, which was significantly longer than those of CK and other forchlorfenuron treatments（P〈 0.05, the same below）. And the contents of soluble solid and organic acid were extremely significantly higher than those of other forchlorfenuron treatments, and Vc content was significantly higher than those of other forchlorfenuron treatments. [Conclusion]The optimal concentration of forchlorfenuron for Hongyang kiwifruit is 6.7 mg/L, can be used widely at flowering stage, because Hongyang kiwifruit owns more advantage, such as more average fruit weight, longer storage time, better appearance and more fruit soluble solids, organic acid and Vc contents and more safety.