不同部位和产地烟梗可用性分析

Usability of tobacco stem from different positions and growing areas

【目的】探讨烤烟烟梗部位和产地对其综合可用性的影响,为烟梗资源在卷烟中的优化应用及卷烟配方设计提供技术支撑。【方法】分析国内6个产地(云南楚雄、贵州毕节、重庆、湖南郴州、福建南平、河南平顶山)烤烟上部、中部和下部烟梗梗丝样本的物理特性、感官质量、烟气中有害成分释放量及危害性指数。【结果】物理特性部位间以中部>上部>下部;产地间以楚雄、南平和毕节较好,重庆和郴州较差。感官质量部位间以上部>中部>下部;产地间以重庆较低,其他产地差异不明显。焦油释放量以上部>中部、下部,产地间以平顶山、郴州和重庆较高,南平和毕节较低。一氧化碳释放量部位间以楚雄和南平表现为中部>上部>下部,其他4个产地表现为上部>中部>下部;产地间以平顶山和楚雄较高。危害性指数部位间以上部>中部>下部,产地间以平顶山、楚雄和重庆较高。【结论】烟梗的部位和产地是影响其可用性的重要因素,卷烟产品选取烟梗原料时,应根据该产品对烟梗各质量指标要求的实际情况进行比较选择。

[ Objective ]Effects of stem positions and growing areas on usability of tobacco stem were analyzed, in order to provide references for reasonably using tobacco stem resource and designing cigarette formula. [Method]The physical properties, sensory quality, harmful components in mainstream cigarette smoke and hazard index of tobacco cut stems were analyzed, these cut stems were from 3 positions（upper, middle and lower） and six growing areas（Chuxiong of Yunnan, Bijie of Guizhou, Chongqing, Chengzhou of Hunan, Nanping of Fujian, Pingdingshan of Henan）. [Result]The results showed that, the order of physical quality was middle stem〉upper stem〉lower stem. The physical quality of cut stems from Chuxiong, Nanping and Bijie was better than those from Chongqing and Chenzhou. The order of sensory quality was upper stem〉middle stem〉lower stem, the sensory quality of cut stems from Chongqing was lower, and there was non-significant difference in sensory quality among other growing areas. The order of released tar content was upper stem〉middle stem and lower stem, The released tar content of cut stems from Pingdingshan, Chengzhou and Chongqing was better than those from Nanping and Bijie. The order of released carbon monoxide（CO） content of cut stems from Chuxiong and Nanping was middle stem〉upper stem〉lower stem, but that of cut stems from other growing areas was upper stem〉middle stem〉 lower stem, and released CO content of cut stems from Pingdingshan and Chuxiong was higher. The order of hazard index was upper stem〉middle stem〉lower stem, the hazard indexes of cut stems from Pingdingshan, Chuxiong and Chongqing were higher than those from other growing areas. [ Conclusion ]The stem position and growing area are the important fac- tors affecting usability of tobacco stems. The tobacco stems should be selected reasonably according to quality index re- quirements of cigarette products in actual production.