经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折两种护理方法的随机对照研究

A randomized controlled study of two nursing methods in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures after the treatment of percutaneous vertebroplasty

目的 比较常规护理与干预护理两种护理方法在经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折中的临床疗效。方法选取2010~2011年在该院脊柱科行经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折的老年患者70例,采用随机方法将其分为常规护理组（对照组）与干预护理组（试验组）,每组35例,术后随访6个月,以术后疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）、Barthel指数以及并发症的发生率等为观察评价指标。结果 两组患者手术过程顺利,骨水泥灌注量为2~5mL,两组患者VAS评分均随着时间的变化有一定改善,但是在术后第3天试验组患者术后疼痛的缓解程度要优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,第6个月时两组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;其次,两组患者Barthel指数也均有改善,其中试验组患者的改善程度更为明显,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 科学有效的护理干预方法,在经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折过程中,可有效的缓解患者的疼痛,缩短住院时间,增强临床疗效。

Objective To compare the effect of usual nursing care with interventional nursing care in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures after the treatment of percutaneous vertebroplasty .Methods A total of 70 elderly patients with os-teoporotic vertebral compression fractures after the treatment of percutaneous vertebroplasty were collected from 2010 to 2011 in the hospital .And the patients were random divided into usual nursing care group （control group） and interventional care group （ex-perimental group） ,and each group had 35 patients .All the patients were followed up for 6 months ,and then postoperative pain visu-al analogue scale （VAS） ,Barthel index and the incidence of complications were analyzed for evaluation .Results The two groups of patients surgery were successful ,and bone cement perfusion was 2 - 5 mL .VAS scores of two groups had decreased than before , which of the experimental group in the 3rd day after the operation was significantly lower than that of the control group （ P 〈0 .05） .And no significant difference was found between the two groups in the 6th month after the operation （P 〉 0 .05） .Mean-while ,Barthel index of the two groups were improved ,and the degree of improvement in experimental group were more obvious . Compared with the control group ,Barthel indexes of the experimental group were all significantly higher （P〈 0 .05） .Conclusion The effective nursing interventional care applied in patients with treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures after per-cutaneous vertebroplasty not only can effectively relieve the patients′ pain ,but also can reduce length of hospital stay and enhance clinical efficacy .