天山山区树轮气候研究若干进展

Research Advances of Dendroclimatology in Tianshan Mountains

由于分布广泛、分辨率高、定年准确和气候敏感性好等原因,树木年轮在重建过去区域、半球甚至全球气候环境变化中扮演着重要角色。天山地处中亚干旱区,气候变化波动大,对全球变化响应敏感,植物生长的干旱胁迫作用强烈,天山山区分布有大量雪岭云杉和西伯利亚落叶松等长龄且对气候敏感的针叶树种,因此天山山区是树轮气候研究的理想区域。天山山区树轮气候研究始于20世纪70年代,尤其是近10 a有了长足的进步,有关天山山区树轮气候研究已经在国际上有一定影响。本文通过综述国内外对天山山区树轮气候研究的现状和进展,总结了近200 a基于树轮资料的天山山区较为一致的气候变化规律,并为进一步开展天山山区树轮气候研究提出建议。天山山区未来树木年轮气候学研究应在开展大量不同区域树木年轮气候学重建基础上,尝试理解树木径向生长对气候的响应机理研究,同时选用不同数理方法和多树木年轮指标进行长时间尺度和大空间范围重建工作,并讨论中亚干旱区过去千年气候变化的影响机制。

Tianshan Mountains located in the arid Central Asia, are very important source of water.The area is dominated by westerly and is important in global change research. Due to their wide spatial distribution, high annual resolution, calendar-exact dating, and high climate sensitivity,tree-rings play an important role in reconstructing past environment and climate change over the past millennium at regional, hemispheric or even global scales. Thus, tree-rings can help us to better understand climate behaviour and its mechanisms in the past and then predict variation trends for the future. In this paper, we review latest advances in tree-ring-based climate reconstructions in Tianshan Mountains, capturing historical climatic extreme events, as well as analyzing their link to large-scale climate patterns. Tree-ring studies in Tianshan Mountains have achieved great advances in the recent 10 years, particularly for the dendroclimatological studies which have made some influences around the world. We propose some suggestions for future dendroclimatological studies. Tree-ring-based large-scale climate reconstructions are highly needed by employing mathematical methods and a high quality data network of ring-width, ring-density,stable isotope, wood anatomy, etc. Tree-ring-based climate reconstructions provide potentials on explorations of climate forcing during the reconstructed periods via climatic diagnosis and process simulation.