2014—2015年西安市农村生活饮用水水质监测分析

Analysis of rural drinking water quality in Xi'an City(2014-2015)

目的了解西安市农村饮用水卫生现状及变化情况,为农村安全饮用水改水工程提供科学依据。方法 2014—2015年分别于丰水期、枯水期按照《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)对西安市辖区农村饮用水监测点的870份水样进行分析评价。结果 2014—2015年共监测水样870份,合格607份,合格率69.77%;监测指标中总大肠菌群、氟化物、肉眼可见物、铁合格率两年差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2014年丰水期、枯水期水质合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),2015年差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2014年出厂水、末梢水合格率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同处理方式(未处理、部分处理、常规处理)水中微生物合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论西安市农村饮用水卫生状况欠佳,微生物合格率低,卫生状况改善不明显,仍需加强农村安全饮用水监管力度。

Objective To understand the hygienic quality and change of drinking water in rural areas of Xi＇an,and provide a basis for establishing the Rural Drinking Water Safety Project in Xi＇an.Methods In wet season and dry season,water samples（n = 870） of Xi＇an rural areas were collected from 2014 to 2015,and analyzed according to Drinking water health standards（GB 5749-2006）.Results A total of 870 water samples were tested,607 water samples were qualified with the qualification rate of 69.8%; The qualification rate of total coliform bacteria,fluoride,visible material and iron had statistic differences（P〈0.05）.The qualification rate of water samples in wet season and dry season in 2014 had statistical differences（P〈0.05）,there was no statistical difference in 2015（P〉0.05）.The qualification rate of the produced water and terminal ta Pwater had no statistical difference（P〉0.05）.The qualification rates of microbiological indicator with different treatments（untreated,partially treated,routine processing） had statistical differences（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The quality of rural drinking water was rather poor,microbial qualified rate was low,the improvement of drinking water hygiene was not obvious,it is necessary to strengthen the supervision for the safety of rural drinking water in rural area.