轮值夜班对女性护士排尿的影响

Effect of the night shift work on micturition patterns of nurses

目的：比较轮值夜班的护士与非轮值夜班的护士排尿日记的差异。方法：选择2014年1月至6月期间一直在北京大学人民医院住院病房工作的女性护士共58名,入选的护士年龄为20～43岁,其中28名护士在这半年内轮值夜班,作为夜班组,平均年龄为（26.75±4.11）岁,另外30名护士在这半年内无需轮值夜班,作为白班组,平均年龄为（27.80±5.60）岁。在这半年的最后1周记录其排尿日记,并要求在记录期间保证每日摄水量控制在1 500～2 000 m L。比较两组护士正常睡眠时的夜尿情况,并比较相应的8 h时间段内排尿情况的差异。结果：值夜班的护士与值白班的护士相比,正常睡眠时夜间排尿量[125 m L（0～660 m L）vs.0 m L（0～340 m L）]及夜间排尿次数[0.5次（0～2.4次）vs.0次（0～2次）]明显增加（P〈0.05）,而且在连续1周的记录中,夜班护士在值完夜班后的2天内夜间排尿量比值夜班前明显增加（P〈0.01）。夜班组护士与白班组护士相比,在下午的8 h时间段（2 pm—10 pm）内,排尿量[（542.35±204.66）m L vs.（675.62±256.09）m L]和排尿次数[（2.24±0.69）次vs.（2.91±0.73）次]明显减少（P〈0.05）。在夜间的8 h时间段（10 pm—6 am）内,夜班组护士与白班组护士相比,排尿量[（309.74±162.74）m L vs.（199.38±153.98）m L,P=0.01]和排尿次数[（1.31±0.52）次vs.（0.82±0.55）次,P〈0.01）]均明显增加。结论：轮值夜班明显影响护士的排尿,增加夜尿量及夜尿次数。

Objective ：To compare the effects of rotational night shifts on the micturition patterns of fe- male nurses. Methods： A total of 58 nurses without lower urinary tract symptoms were recruited, who worked in the Peking University People＇ s Hospital during January and June in 2014. The nurses aged 20 -43 years were divided into two groups, the night-shift group （n = 28） and the non-shift group （n = 30）. The alcohol or coffee intaking were forbidden. In the night-shift group, nurses had worked on rota- tional shifts for at least 6 months. Their average age was （26.75±4.11 ） years. In the non-shift group, nurses took regular day-time work, whose average age was （27.80 ± 5.60 ） years. A voiding diary was kept for 7 consecutive clays at the end of 6 months, starting 2 days before their night duties until 4 days after completion of their night duties. For comparison, the non-shift group with regular shifts completed a 7-day voiding diary. In the 7-day recording voiding diary, the nurses were required to have the normal intake of liquid about 1 500 - 2 000 mL/d. The frequency volume charts of nocturia, the 8-hour interval urine production and frequency were compared between the two groups. Results： Nocturia frequency was increased in the night-shift group[ 0.5 （0 - 2.4） ] compared with the non-shift group[ 0 （0 - 2）, P = 0.021. The volume of nocturia was increased in the night-shift group 1125 mL （0 -660 mL） ]compared with the non-shift group I0 mL （0 -340 mL）, P 〈0.011- The 8-hour interval indices showed that urine production changed with shift （P 〈 0.01 ）. In the consecutive 7 days, the nocturnal volume of the night- shift group increased on the day after night shift. When the night-shift nurses returned to daytime duty, the volume of urine decreased but nocturnal urine production remained high, and the frequency of noetu- ria also increased significantly （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with the 8-hour interval indices, the night-shift group＇ s voiding volume I （542.35 ± 204.66） mL] and voiding frequency （2.24 ± 0.69 ） were more than those of the non-shift group at the afternoon time （from 2 pm to 10 pm）. During the 8 h interval night time （from 10 pm to 6 am）, the volume of nocturia in the night-shift group I （309.74 ＋ 162.74） mL] was more than that in the non-shift group [ （199.38 ±153.98） mL, P =0.01 1 ; the frequency of nocturia in the night-shift group （ 1.31 ± 0.52） was increased than that in the non-shift group （0.82 ±0.55, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion： The rotational shifts affect the micturition patterns of nurses who go through the night shift work, which increases the volume and frequency of the nocturia.