晕动病前庭生理机制研究进展

Research progress in vestibular physiological mechanism of motion sickness

晕动病是在航空、航天、航海旅行及作业过程中,由异常加速度刺激引起的生理功能紊乱。已证实前庭系统作为运动感受和加速度信息加工的核心,对晕动病的诱发及自主神经症状的产生起重要作用。虽然晕动病的发生机制尚未完全阐明,但近年来在感觉冲突理论的生理基础、自主神经反射的神经机制等方面有了新的突破。本文综述了前庭-视觉-本体感觉信息整合、前庭-海马及前庭-皮质通路与运动信息加工、前庭-内脏反射通路及前庭递质系统与抗晕动病药物靶点等的研究进展,为促进新型晕动病防治手段的开发和应用提供借鉴。

Motion sickness is a physiological disorder induced by abnormal acceleration stimuli during spaceflight, aviation or sailing. It has been confirmed that the vestibular system, as the core for locomotion sensing and acceleration information processing, plays key roles in motion sickness initiation and autonomic symptom development. Although the mechanism of motion sickness is still unclear, there have been new breakthroughs in recent years about the physiological basis of sensory conflict theory and the neural mechanism of autonomic reflex. This paper reviewed the progress in the vestibulo-visuo-proprioception information integration, the involvement of vestibulo-hippocampus and vestibulo-cortex in locomotion information processing, vestibulo-autonomic reflex pathway, vestibular neurotransmitter system and anti-motion sickness drug targets, laying a foundation for promoting the development and application of novel countermeasures for motion sickness.