青岛市入海河流入海口水质评价及水质改善措施

Water Quality Assessment and Improvement Measures of Seagoing Rivers in Estuary of Qingdao City

根据2015年4个季度青岛市主要入海河流入海口的水质监测数据,采用熵权法与模糊综合评价相结合的方法,对5条入海河流的水质进行了评价,评价时选取了5个评价指标,分别是高锰酸盐指数、生化需氧量、总氮、化学需氧量、总磷。评价结果表明:从整体上看,在时间变化上,冬、夏季水质污染最为严重,春季次之,秋季较前三者相比水质较好;在空间变化上,各监测点的水质由劣到优的顺序依次为:李村河(Ⅴ)、海泊河(Ⅴ)、大沽河(Ⅳ)、墨水河(Ⅲ)、风河(Ⅱ)。在此基础上,分析了青岛市入海河流水质变化的原因,并提出了相应的改善水质的措施。

According to the water quality monitoring data of five seagoing rivers （ Licun River, Hebo River, Moshui River, Fenghe River and Dagu River ） in Qingdao from first quarter to forth quarter in 2015 ,we combined entropy-weight method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to evaluate water quality of these rivers. In this research, we chose five evaluation indexes, including Potassium Permanganate Index, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Total Nitrogen, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Total Phosphorus. The results of estimation indicated that the worst water quali- ty pollution was in winter and summer, spring took second place and it was better than other seasons in autumn in the temporal variations. As to the spatial variations, the order of water quality from inferiority to excellence in different measurement stations was Licun River（Ⅴ）, Hebo River（Ⅴ） ,Dagu River（Ⅳ）, Moshui River（Ⅲ）, and Fenghe River （Ⅱ）. Finally, we analyzed the causes of water quality change of land streams in Qingdao based on above research and came up with relevant measures.