海上石油平台及管线弃置的海洋环境保护研究

Research on Marine Environment Protection about Removal Offshore Abandoned Oil Platform and Pipelines

随着相当数量的海上油田接近或者超过服役年限,越来越多的平台需要弃置。文章介绍了国内外海洋石油平台弃置的环境管理法律法规,以某海洋石油平台的拆除为例,从对海洋环境影响最大的油井永久封堵、导管架桩基的切割和海底管线拆除与回收三个方面,合理选择弃置方案,并分析了石油平台弃置对海洋的环境影响。最后针对海洋石油平台弃置过程和弃置后凸显的问题,提出了科学、可行的环境管理建议。

As a considerable number of offshore oil field are closing or have exceeded their service lives,more and more abandoned platforms are required to be removed.This paper introduces environmental laws and regulations home and abroad about the disposal of the offshore oil platforms.Taking removal of an oil platform in Liaodong Bay as an example,from three greatest impact on the marine environment of permanent oil well plugging,cutting of piles rack and submarine pipeline removal and recovery,the paper suggests a reasonable choice of disposal scheme and analyzes the marine environmental impact of oil platform disposal.Finally,for the disposal of offshore oil platform and the prominent problems after disposal,scientific and feasible suggestions for environment management have been proposed.