2013年昆明市部分常住成年居民血压水平调查

Survey on the level of blood pressure among adult residents,Kunming city,2013

目的了解不同人群血压分布特征,为血压干预工作提供重点人群线索。方法采用多阶段分层抽样的方法,通过问卷调查获取相关资料,应用描述性分析、t检验和方差分析。结果发病调查11 452份问卷,共收集有效问卷11 328份,居民平均收缩压和舒张压分别为(118.83±16.37)、(76.80±10.27)mmHg。男性、高年龄、汉族、低学历居民收缩压和舒张压均高于女性、低年龄、少数民族、高学历(<0.01);城镇居民收缩压高于农村居民(P<0.01)。不吸烟居民的收缩压和舒张压均低于吸烟者(P<0.01),不同饮酒行为居民的血压水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同BMI指数居民的收缩压和舒张压水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),中心性肥胖居民收缩压和舒张压水平均高于非中心性肥胖居民(P<0.01);糖尿病患者收缩压和舒张压水平均高于非糖尿病患者(P<0.01)。结论针对以上人群进行早期的血压干预管理和健康教育工作,指导高血压高危人群及患者生活习惯的改善,对降低高血压患病,从卫生经济学的成本-效益角度考虑,将会取得不错的效果。

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of blood pressure in different groups, so as to provide the basis for blood pressure intervention. MethOds The multistage stratified sampling method was used to collect a total of 11 328 valid data in a questionnaire survey, for descriptive analysis, t-Test and variance analysis. Results The mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of the residents was （118.83 ± 16.37） and （76.80 ± 10.27） mm- Hg respectively. The systolic blood pressure arid diastolic blood pressure of male,senior age, Han ethnics,and low education was lower than that of female,junior age,minorities, and high education（〈0.01）. The systolic pressure of urban residents was higher than that of rural residents （ P 〈0.01）. The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly louver in non-smokers than that in smokers （ P〈0.01） ,and there was significant difference in blood pressure between different drinking behaviors （ P 〈0.01）. Compared in residents with different BMI in the systoli blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure levels,the difference was statistically significant （ P 〈0.01）, and the average systolic pressure and diastolic pressure in central obesity residents was higher than that in non central obesity residents （ P〈0.01） The average systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were higher in diabetic patients than that in non-diabetic patients （ P〈0.01）. Conclusion It will have good results of reducing the prevalence of hypertension from cost benefit considerations from economics to early carry out the blood pressure intervention management and the health education, guide the improvement of the living habits of the high risk population and the patients.