圆柱滚子轴承旋转精度数值计算及试验研究

Numerical Calculation and Experimental Research of Rotational Accuracy on Cylindrical Roller Bearing

针对圆柱滚子轴承旋转精度,提出了轴承外圈径向跳动数值计算方法,并对外圈滚道形状误差进行了试验研究。根据轴承元件运动及几何关系,建立了轴承外圈径向跳动数值计算模型,分析了外圈滚道圆度误差幅值、圆度误差阶次、滚子个数以及径向游隙对轴承旋转精度的影响规律,并验证了模型的正确性。分析结果表明,外圈滚道圆度误差幅值对轴承旋转精度影响较大;当轴承外圈圆度误差阶次与滚子个数满足特定关系时,轴承旋转精度显著降低;对于外圈滚道圆度误差波形变化较剧烈的圆柱滚子轴承,滚子个数对其旋转精度影响较大。对轴承外圈滚道圆度误差试验研究结果表明,外圈滚道圆度误差服从正态分布;轴承外圈滚道圆度误差幅值随圆度误差阶次呈指数曲线变化;获得了外圈径向跳动与外圈滚道谐波分布参数的函数关系式,可用于外圈径向跳动的预测。

Aiming to rotational accuracy of cylindrical roller bearing,the radial runout of outer ring of assembled bearing is studied by numerical computation,and form error of outer ring raceway is experimentally investigated.According to the motion and geometric relationships among bearing components,a mathematical model for cylindrical roller bearing is developed to investigate the influence of roundness error（i.e.,amplitude,order） of outer ring raceway,the number of roller and radial clearance on rotational accuracy of cylindrical roller bearing.The model is validated to be reasonable by theory calculation results.The results indicate that the roundness error of outer ring raceway has a significant impact on rotational accuracy of cylindrical roller bearing.When the roundness error order and number of roller satisfy certain conditions,the rotational accuracy of cylindrical roller bearing significantly decreases.When the surface waveform of outer ring raceway changes sharply,the influence of the number of roller on rotational accuracy of cylindrical roller bearing is obvious.The roundness error of outer ring raceway is experimentally investigated.The results show that the roundness error of outer ring raceway is subject to normal distribution.Amplitude and order of roundness error change exponentially.The function relation between the radial runout of outer ring and harmonic distribution parameters of outer ring raceway is obtained.This function relation is used to predict the radial runout of outer ring.