临武鸭对添加复合酶棕榈粕和椰子粕的养分、氨基酸和能量的利用率

Effects of Palm Kernel Meal and Copra Meal Supplemented with Compound Enzymes on Nutrient,Amino Acid and Energy Utilization Rates of Linwu Ducks

本试验旨在研究临武鸭对添加复合酶棕榈粕（PKM）和椰子粕（CM）的养分、氨基酸和能量的利用率。试验选用40只体重（2.0±0.2）kg的健康成年临武鸭公鸭,随机分为5组,每组8个重复,每个重复1只试验鸭。试验鸭进行强饲代谢试验,1、2组试验鸭每只强饲50 g棕榈粕,3、4组试验鸭每只强饲50 g椰子粕,5组试验鸭强饲50 g无氮饲粮。在2、4组原料均添加250 mg/kg复合酶。预试期7 d,正试期4 d。结果表明：1）临武鸭对棕榈粕中干物质（DM）、粗蛋白质（CP）、粗脂肪（EE）、粗纤维（CF）和总能（GE）的真利用率分别为48.81%、54.34%、65.69%、40.36%和39.37%,表观代谢能（AM E）和真代谢能（TM E）分别为6.18和7.49 M J/kg,15种氨基酸的真利用率在50.28%~87.97%之间;临武鸭对椰子粕中DM、CP、EE、CF和GE的真利用率分别为52.23%、58.49%、70.28%、34.67%和54.76%,AM E和TM E分别为7.47和9.64 MJ/kg,15种氨基酸的真利用率在58.53%~90.21%之间。2）添加复合酶后棕榈粕和椰子粕的CP表观利用率和真利用率均显著提高（P〈0.05）,TME分别提高了5.61%和3.63%（P〉0.05）,15种氨基酸的真利用率分别提高了0.27%~7.36%和0.67%~4.99%,棕榈粕中酪氨酸、脯氨酸及椰子粕中天冬氨酸、异亮氨酸、酪氨酸的真利用率均提高显著（P〈0.05）。由此可见,添加含有蛋白酶、纤维素酶和木聚糖酶的复合酶能够提高临武鸭对棕榈粕和椰子粕中养分和能量的利用率。

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of palm kernel meal（PKM） and copra meal（CM） supplemented with compound enzymes on nutrient,amino acid and energy utilization rates of Linwu ducks.Forty healthy adult Linwu ducks with body weight of（2.0 ± 0.2） kg were randomly divided into 5groups with 8 replicates in each group and 1 duck in each replicate.The metabolizable experiment was carried out by hunger strike-gavage method.Ducks in groups 1 and 2 were fed 50 g PKM and ducks in groups 3 and4 were fed 50 g CM by gavage,and ducks in group 5 were fed 50 g diet with no nitrogen by gavage.Diets of groups 2 and 4 were added with 250 mg/kg compound enzymes.The experiment included a 7 days pre-experimental period and a 4 days experimental period.The results showed as follows：1） the true utilization rates of dry matter（DM）,crude protein（CP）,ether extract（EE）,crude fiber（CF） and gross energy（GE） of PKM were 48.81 %,54.34 %,65.69 %,40.36 % and 39.37 %,respectively.The apparent metabolizable energy（AM E） and true metabolizable energy（TM E） were 6.18 and 7.49 M J/kg,respectively.The true utilization rates of 15 kinds of amino acids were 50.28% to 87.97%.The true utilization rates of DM,CP,EE,CF and GE of CM were 52.23%,58.49%,70.28%,34.67% and 54.76%,respectively.The AME and TME were 7.47 and9.64 MJ/kg,respectively.The true utilization rates of 15 kinds of amino acids were 58.53% to 90.21%.2） Adding with compound enzymes,the apparent utilization rate and true utilization rate of CP in PKM and CM were significantly increased（P〈0.05）;the TME increased by 5.61% and 3.63%（P〈0.05）,respectively;the true utilization rates of 15 kinds of amino acids increased by 0.27% to 7.36% and 0.67% to 4.99%,respectively;the true utilization rates of tyrosine and proline in PKM,and the true utilization rates of aspartate,isoleucine and tyrosine in CM were significantly increased（P〈0.05）.The results indicate that PKM and CM supplemented with compound enzymes containing protease,cellulase and xylanase can improve utilization rates of nutrient and energy of Linwu ducks.