准噶尔南缘荒漠区短时降水土壤响应研究

Research on the Effect of Precipitation over a Short Period on Soil in the Southern Junggar Basin Desert Region

本研究依托新疆准噶尔生态环境观测站,对风沙土和灰棕漠土的相同降水量下土壤湿度、温度、地表反照率的变化分布特征进行对比分析。研究表明降水大小对土壤湿度、温度和地表反照率的影响不同,成正相关。风沙土土壤湿度驰豫期与降水的相关系数高于灰棕漠土,湿度还受土壤温度、太阳光照强度等其他因素的影响,其他因素对于风沙土土壤湿度的影响小于灰棕漠土。灰棕漠土和风沙土在不同强度降水下,地表温度均有不同程度的降低,温度变化还受冷空气的强度、持续时间等其它因素的影响,其他因素对于灰棕漠土温度变化的影响强于风沙土。不论降水强度的大小,都能引起有限的反照率变化,反照率的极值和降水量有很好相关性,相关系数达到0.94。

This paper made use of the Xinjiang Dzungaria Ecological Observation Station to undertake a constructive a- nalysis on the change distribution characteristics of soil temperatures, moisture and surface albedo under the same pre- cipitation conditions of Aeolian soil and grey-brown desert soil. Research shows that different levels of precipitation have different effects on soil moisture, albedo and surface temperature and there is a positive correlation between these. The correlation index between the relaxation period of Aeolian soil moisture and precipitation is higher than that of grey-brown desert soil, while moisture is also affected by other elements such as soil temperature and intensity of sunlight. Other factors that influence the moisture of Aeolian soil are not as high as grey-brown desert soil. The surface temperatures of grey-brown desert soil and Aeolian soil have different rates of reduction depending on the different in- tensity of precipitation, while the change in temperature is also effected by the intensity of cold air, duration of time and other influencing factors. Other factors that influence the change in temperature of grey-brown desert soil are all higher than those for Aeolian soil. Regardless of the intensity, precipitation will always lead to a limited change in al- bedo, while the extreme value of albedo and amount of precipitation is intrinsically correlated, with a correlation index of 0.94.