巴西深水含油气盆地石油地质特征及勘探方向

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY AND FUTURE EXPLORATION IN DEEP-WATER BASIN OF BRAZIL

巴西深水油气勘探不断取得成功,已成为全球常规油气的主要增长点。在过去的10年间,巴西新发现了100多个油气田,超过5×108 t的原油从巴西深水含油气盆地中采出,已占到全球常规油气储量增长的30%。系统梳理了巴西深水含油气盆地的石油地质特征,同时研究对比坎波斯和桑托斯盆地油气成藏模式,研究表明:这2个盆地都拥有盐上层系和盐下层系2种成藏模式,坎波斯盆地发育3套烃源岩、4套储层,盐上层系的勘探重点为盆地内东部蒸发岩不连续或较薄区域的浊积砂岩体,盐下层系应寻找盆地中央隆起带周缘发育背斜和断块构造的有利圈闭;桑托斯盆地发育2套烃源岩、3套储层,圣保罗高地之上构造高部位的湖相碳酸盐岩为未来盐下层系的有利勘探目标,盐上层系的勘探方向为盆地内西部盐岩薄层和过渡盐区。

Deepwater oil and gas exploration successfully continues in Brazil. It has made the country the major growth point of conventional oil and gas in the world. In the past 10 years, Brazil has found more than 100 oil and gas fields and 500 million tons of crude oil from Brazil＇s deep-water basins ac- counting for the 30% of global growth of conventional oil and gas reserves. The petroleum geology study of the Campos and Santos Basins show that the two basins are affected by the salt tectonic movement in the rift period. There are two kinds of petroleum accumulation patterns in the pre-salt and post-sah sequences respectively. The Campos Basin has three sets of hydrocarbon source rocks, four sets of reservoirs, salt window, salt welding and basement faults that constitute the effective channels for vertical migration of oil and gas and in the east part of the basin where evaporite discon- tinues or thins out. turbidite sand bodies become the focus of future oil and gas exploration. The San tos Basin has two sets of hydrocarbon source rocks and three sets of reservoirs. Salt rock is continu- ously distributed and functioned as an effective cover for oil preservation. The high land ofSao Paulo on the high position of the structure of the lacustrine carbonate rocks is the target for future explora- tion in the basin.