基于经济损失的失效排序及纠正方法

Improved failure ranking and correcting method

失效排序及纠正方法是可靠性研究的重要内容,针对传统失效模式和影响分析(FMEA)中风险优先数(RPN)排序方法的准确性差、灵敏度低以及RPN数值的离散性、重复性等缺陷,从减少主观因素干扰,提高优先数可信度的角度,建立一种改进方法—基于经济损失的RPN排序方法(ERPN)。首先确定某潜在失效情景的严重度,再确定其初始事件发生的概率P以及由失效导致的经济损失E,用P和E的乘积作为ERPN值。将该改进方法用于某厂珍珠岩吸声板生产线的冲压工艺的失效分析,并用发明问题解决理论(TRIZ)对失效模式进行分类和纠正。结果表明,ERPN方法在解决工程实际问题上是可行、有效的。

Failure ranking and correcting methods are important parts of reliability research. Aiming at the defects in conventional risk priority number（RPN） methodology for FMEA, such as low accuracy, low sensitivity and discreteness and repeatability of the RPN number, in the purpose of reducing the interference of subjective factors and improving the credibility of risk prioritization, an improved approach based on economic losses named ERPN was worked out. First step is determining the severity of a potential failure situation, then calculating the probability P of the initial event and the economic loss E, taking the product of P and E as the ERPN value. The improved method was applied to the failure analysis of the stamping process in a certain pearlite sound board production line, and the TRIZ theory was used to classify and correct the failure. The results show that the ERPN method is feasible and effective in solving practical engineering problems.