Mg(BH_4)_2对钝化RDX安全性的影响

Effect of Mg(BH_4)_2 on safety of desensitizing RDX

在钝化黑索今(RDX)中加入硼氢化镁(Mg(BH_4)_2)有望提高其爆炸性能,但也带来潜在的危险。为研究Mg(BH_4)_2在钝化RDX中的应用可行性,参照炸药试验方法,测试钝化RDX/Mg(BH_4)_2混合炸药的爆热、机械感度、热感度、热安定性以及组分间的相容性。结果表明,Mg(BH_4)_2质量分数为10%和20%时,炸药爆热分别提升16.93%和33.02%;表观活化能略有增加,对热安定性无明显影响;Mg(BH_4)_2与钝化RDX相容性为一级;质量分数为10%时,混合炸药的5 s爆发点为283℃,与钝化RDX相似,但机械感度明显增大。Mg(BH_4)_2作为添加剂虽然能够增强炸药能量,但必须避免撞击、摩擦等外界条件,以保证试验和生产安全。

Adding Mg（BH4）2 to desensitizing RDX is expected to improve its explosion properties. However, it brings safety problems at the same time. In order to estimate the application feasibility of Mg（BH4）2,experiments were carried out to study the detonation heat,mechanical sensitivities, heat sensitivity, thermal stability and components＇ compatibility of composite explosives using the methods in the military standard. The results show that the detonation heat increases by 16.93% and 33.02% separately, and the activation energy is a little larger when the mass fraction of Mg（BH4）2 is 10% and 20%, that the compatibility grade between Mg（BH4）2 and desensitizing RDX is 1,that when Mg（BH4）2 content is 10%, the explosion temperature of 5 s is 283℃,which is similar to desensitizing RDX, that the mechanical sensitivities of the composite explosive are much higher than those of desensitizing RDX, and that impact and friction conditions must be avoided when adding Mg（BH4）2 to desensitizing RDX to increase its energy.