甜叶菊三倍体培育及其农艺性状分析

Stevia Triploid Breeding and Agronomic Traits Analysis

目的与方法:利用人工诱导获的四倍体植株与二倍体植株进行杂交获得三倍体甜叶菊植株,并对其农艺性状进行比较分析。结果:气孔、染色体等细胞学鉴定结果表明,甜叶菊三倍体气孔大小介于二倍体与四倍体之间,染色体数为33(2n=33),甜叶菊三倍体培育获得成功。田间农艺性状考察及糖苷测定结果显示,植株高度及叶产量与二倍体相近但高于四倍体;三倍体甜叶菊植株在叶片厚度、叶片长度、叶片宽度均大于二倍体而与四倍体接近;糖苷含量及糖苷成分与二倍体及四倍体也存在一定的差异。结论:三倍体甜叶菊在农艺性状及糖苷含量上具有自身特点,在生产上具有重要的潜在价值。

Objective and mothods ：The triploid plants of stevia were produced by mating diploid and tetraploidparents which were induced with colehicine treatments. And the agronomic traits of the tfiploid were comparedwith the diploid and tetraploid. Results： the results of cell identification showed that the size of the stomata ofthe triploid was between the diploid and the tetraploid,and the chromosome number of root tip cell was 33 （2n =33）. The stevia triploid breeding got success. The studies of agronomic traits and determining of glycoside con-tents indicated that the plant height and the quantity of leaf were similar to the diploid but higher than the tetra-ploid. The size and thickness of leaf were bigger than the diploid plant, but smaller the the tetraploid. Mean-while, there were some differences in the contents and the quantity of glycoside in the triploid compared withtheir parents. Conclusion： the triploid characters of agronomic traits and glycoside contents showed its potentialimpotent value in production.