极、超低出生体重儿童1～1.5岁生长发育及神经发育状况

Growth and development and nerve development of infant of 1 to 1.5 years old with very and extremely low birth weight

目的探讨极、超低出生体重儿童1～1.5岁生长发育及神经发育情况。方法选择本院收治并存活极低出生体重儿童52例,超低出生体重儿童13例,并选择同期出生的65例体重正常的婴儿作对照。对两组儿童进行随访,观察1~1.5岁时的生长发育情况、各类发育偏离及神经发育缺陷的发生率,比较MDI、PDI指数。结果极、超低组纠正胎龄1岁6个月时的身高/身长、体重、头围、胸围均低于正常组（P〈0.05）,各类发育偏离发生率29.23%（19/65）高于正常组4.62%（3/65）,神经发育缺陷发生率10.77%（7/65）高于正常组1.53%（1/65）（P〈0.05）;MDI、PDI指数低于正常组（P〈0.05）。结论极、超低出生体重儿童生长发育和神经发育情况较正常儿童有较大差异。

Objective To investigate the growth and development and nerve development of infant of 1 to 1.5 years old with very and extremely low birth weight.Methods A total of 52 cases of very low birth weight infant,13 cases extremely low birth weight and 65 cases of normal fetal weight were selected and treated in the same period.The two groups of infant were followed up to observe the growth and development,all kinds of developmental deviation and the incidence of nerve growth defects,the PDI and MDI index were compared.Results Very,extremely low groups height / length and weight,head circumference,chest circumference were lower than that of normal group（ P〈0.05）,The occurrence rate of developmental deviation in the very、extremely low groups was 29.23%（ 19 /65） and higher than that of the normal group 4.62%（ 3 /65）,the occurrence rate of neural development was 10.77%（ 7 /65） and higher than that of normal group 1.53%（ 1 /65）（ P〈0.05）;the index of MDI,PDI index was lower than that of normal group（ P〈0.05）.Conclusion Infants with very low and extremely birth weight have great differences in the growth and development of the nerve.