紫花地丁微量元素的形态分析

Speciation analysis of trace elements in Viola yedoensis Makino

目的：测定紫花地丁中微量元素3种形态的含量,对微量元素在紫花地丁中的存在形态进行研究。方法：分别采用盐酸浸提和滤膜分离得到紫花地丁中微量元素的无机态,颗粒态和溶解态,利用电感耦合等离子体-质谱法（ICP-MS）测定各形态的含量,并进行了系统的形态分析。结果：9个微量元素大多均以无机态的形式存在,有机态所占比例在10%～53%之间。汞的有机态比例虽在90%以上,但主要存在于颗粒态中,因此减低了水煎液中汞的毒性。除汞外,其他微量元素的可溶态比例均较高,在42%～92%之间,它们在水煎液中的浸出率均不超过51%。结论：浸出率较低,可知传统的水煎液有利于减低重金属的含量;而有机态占有一定的比例,为后期紫花地丁的物质基础研究奠定基础。

OBJECTIVE To measure contents of trace elements in three forms in Viola yedoensis Makino,and research these forms of trace elements.METHODS Hydrochloric acid extraction and membrane separation were used to extract inorganic form,particulate form and dissolved form of trace elements in Viola and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICPMS）was employed to determine contents of trace elements in various forms.Then these data were systematically analyzed.RESULTS Most of nine trace elements existed in inorganic form,while proportion of organic form was between 10% to 53%.Proportion of organic Hg was more than 90%,but mainly in form of particles,so toxicity of Hg was reduced in decoction.Except for Hg,proportions of dissolved form of trace elements were higher and fell in range of 42% to 92%.Leaching rates of these trace elements in decoction were not higher than51%.CONCLUSION Traditional decoction was conducive to reduce contents of heavy metals at low leaching rates.Inorganic forms of trace elements occupy certain proportions,so dissolving trace elements can play pharmacodynamic effects in different forms.