慢性阻塞性肺疾病肠内营养患者的不良心理及护理对策

Unhealthy psychological state and nursing strategies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with enteral nutrition

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)肠内营养患者不良心理的影响因素并制定护理对策。方法选取行肠内营养支持的COPD患者58例为研究对象,应用医院焦虑及抑郁量表(HAD)评估患者不良心理评分,明确不良心理的可能影响因素,制定针对性的护理干预措施,对比干预前后患者不良心理情况。结果患者不良心理影响因素包括年龄、经济状况、文化程度、健康知识得分、家庭及社会支持得分,各项因素组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。行针对性护理干预后,患者HAD得分从(10.3±2.8)分下降至(7.3±1.1)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 COPD肠内营养患者的不良心理与文化程度、健康知识掌握情况、外界支持等因素有关,实施针对性强化护理有助于减轻不良心理。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of unhealthy psychological state in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） and to formulate nursing strategies. Methods A total of 58 COPD patients with enteral nutrition support were selected. The HAD scale was used to evaluate unhealthy psychological score. Targeted nursing intervention was formulated based on the possible influencing factors of unhealthy mental state. Unhealthy psychological situation was compared before and after the intervention in two groups. Results Influencing factors of un- healthy mental state were various, including age, economic status, cultural degree, the score of health knowledge, scores of family and social support, and there were significant differences in these factors between two groups （P 〈 0.05）. After nursing intervention, the HAD scored significantly de- creased from （ 10.3 ± 2.8） to （7.3 ± 1.1 ） （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Unhealthy psychological state of COPD patients with enteral nutrition is correlated with educational level, mastery degree of health knowledge and the external support, and implementation of intensive targeted nursing can alleviate the unhealthy psychological state.