专案管理对气管切开术患者术后肺部感染的影响

Effect of project management on postoperative pulmonary infection in patients with tracheotomy

目的探讨专案管理对气管切开患者术后肺部感染的影响。方法选取耳鼻喉科2015年1—12月收治的52例气管切开患者为观察组,实施专案管理。选取2014年1—12月收治的52例气管切开患者为对照组,实施常规护理,比较2组的湿化效果、痰液p H值、肺部感染率。结果观察组的痰液粘稠程度好于对照组,痰痂形成、气道黏膜出血、刺激性咳嗽的发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组切开后3d、5d的p H值高于对照组,肺部感染率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论专案管理能够提高气管切开患者的湿化效果,促进痰液排出,减少肺部感染率。

Objective To investigate the effect of project management on postoperative pul- monary infection in patients with tracheotomy. Methods A total of 52 patients with tracheotomy from January to December in 2015 were selected as the observation group, and they were given project management. Another 52 cases from January to December in 2014 were selected as the control group, and they were given routine nursing. Wet effect, pH of sputum and pulmonary infection rate were compared between two groups. Results In the observation group, the sputum viscous degree was better than the control group, formation of sputum, airway mucosa bleeding, and incidence rate of ir- ritating cough were significantly lower than the control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. Three and five days after tracheotomy, pH values in the observation group were significantly higher than the control group, and pulmonary infection rate was significantly lower than the control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Project management can improve the wet effect of patients with tracheotomy, promote mucus dis- charge, and reduce the pulmonary infection rate.