我国公益性流通设施供给研究

Research on the Supply of Public Welfare Circulation Facilities in China

流通产业作为国民经济的基础性、先导性、战略性产业,不仅具有竞争性和营利性本质,而且具有社会共享性和公益性特征。而流通设施特别是公益性流通设施作为流通产业的载体与核心要素,是内贸流通发挥基础性、先导性功能的基本载体。然而,改革开放以来,由于我国流通领域较早实行了市场化改革,公益性流通设施供给过度交由市场运作,在数量规模、区域分布、制度建设等方面面临诸多挑战,如总体供给不足、区域供给失衡、投资有待改善、制度尚需健全等。当前,尽管国企主导模式、动态补偿模式、产业基金模式、政府回购模式、国有金股模式等我国公益性流通设施供给的五种典型模式,体现了公益性流通设施"以政府为主导、以市场为基础、兼顾公平和效率"的供给原则,可为我国提升公益性流通设施供给水平提供些许经验和思路,但仍需进一步完善,以提高其经验和做法的可复制可推广性。为加强公益性流通设施供给,还要进一步提高思想认识,准确把握供给原则;完善制度体系,保证供给有据可依;定位政府角色,明确政府介入范围;创新供给模式,构建多元供给主体。

As the basic,leading and strategic industry of the national economy,circulation industry has the characteristics of competition and profitability as well as social sharing and public welfare. Circulation facilities are the carrier and core element of that industry,which are necessary to make the circulation industry functional. However,since reform and opening up,because of the earlier marketization reform in China’s field of circulation,the public welfare circulation facilities supply is overly handled by the market,and there are so many challenges in terms of quantity and scale,regional distribution,and institutional construction. At present,though the supply principle of public welfare circulation facilities is demonstrated in the five classical supply models of that,these models should be further improved to make the experiences and practices to be more replicable and generalized. To better strengthen the supply of public welfare circulation facilities,we should further improve our understanding of the supply principle of that,perfect the institutional system,clarify government position,and make innovation in supply model.