锡林郭勒草原生长季地—气温度变化特征及相关性

Variation Characteristics of Air Temperature and Ground Temperature and Their Correlation in Xilinguole Grassland During Growing Season from 1960 to 2014

利用锡林郭勒草原8个气象站1960—2014年5—9月气温和0~40 cm地温逐旬观测资料,采用线性倾向估计、5 a滑动平均、线性回归等统计方法,分析锡林郭勒草原生长季地—气温度的变化特征及相关关系。结果表明：近55 a来,锡林郭勒草原生长季地—气温度都呈显著上升趋势,“前冷后暖”特点十分明显,且0~20 cm地温的增幅远高于气温,40 cm地温增幅则低于气温。生长季地—气温度月变化呈“低—高—低”抛物线形状,最高值出现在7月。5—8月地温随土层深度增加而下降,而9月地温随深度变化不明显。各层地温与气温呈显著正相关,且随深度增加相关性逐渐减小;地—气温度线性关系模型在各层拟合效果较好,用于预测和估算各层地温,基本可以满足该地区牧业生产实践的需要。

Based on the 10 - day air temperature and ground temperature at 0 cm , 5 cm , 10 cm , 15 cm , 20 cm , 40 cm depths of 8weather stations in Xilinguole grassland from May to September during 1960 -2 0 1 4 , the variation characteristics of air temperature andground temperature and their correlation during growing season were analyzed by using the statistic methods of linear tendency estimation, 5 - year moving m ean, linear regression. The results show that the air temperature and ground temperatures in different depthsduring growing season all presented significant rising trend in Xilinguole grassland in recent 55 years, the characteristic with 4 previouscooling and later warming’ was very obvious, and the rising rates of ground temperature at 0 cm , 5 cm , 10 cm , 15 cm and 20 cmdepths were much higher than that of air tem perature, while for ground temperature at 40 cm depth it was lower than that of air temperature.The monthly changes of air temperature and ground temperature during growing season showed parabola shape with 4 low - high -low ’ , the peak was in July. The ground temperature decreased with increase of soil depth from May to August, while it did n , t changealmost in September. There was significantly positive correlation between ground temperature in different depths and air temperature,and the correlation decreased with increase of soil depth. The fitting effect of the linear regression model between air temperature andground temperature in each layer was better, and the model could be used to predict and estimate ground temperature in differentdepths, the predicting result could basically meet the needs of stockbreeding production in Xilinguole grassland.