浅析我国刑法中的违法性认识问题

A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEMS ON ILLEGALITY COGNITION IN CRIMINAL LAWS IN CHINA

1997年刑法典中没有规定违法性认识,而是采用"社会危害性"的概念,这在很大程度上是为了适应当时打击犯罪的刑罚理念。随着人权保障条款入宪及刑事司法观念的转变,使我们不得不面临违法性认识要与不要的理论争议及司法处理难题。重新对违法性认识的概念、内涵进行厘定,并对两大法系的不同处理方式进行梳理,借鉴其立法上予以规定、司法上符合情理的解释方法。客观分析我国刑法适用中违法性认识与社会危害性认识、犯罪故意间的理论混乱、司法界定模糊的情况,提出有限度地引入违法性认识理论,将违法性认识作为犯罪故意的认定要素之一,并进一步提出推定的认定方法予以解决。

In the Penal Code of 1997, illegality cognition is not regulated and instead the concept of ‘ social danger is adopted,which is to a large extent for adapting the penalty idea of combating crimes. Along with the human rights guaranteed in theconstitution and the transformation of criminal justice, we have had to face the theoretical disputes and judicial problemswhether we should have the illegality cognition. It is very important to reassure the connotation and the concept of illegalitycognition, sort out the different approaches of the two legal systems, and learn from its reasonable legislative, judicial explanation.The thesis objectively analyzed the illegality and harmfulness cognition in our criminal law, theoretical confusion betweenthe criminal intent, fuzzy judicial definitions, proposed a limited introduction of illegal cognition theory, meanwhile regarded illegalityas one of the elements of criminal intention, and further put forward the way to solve them.