河流泥沙及水流对黄河生态健康的调节作用

REGULATION OF SEDIMENT AND HYDROLOGICAL PROCESS ON ECOLOGICAL HEALTH OF THE YELLOW RIVER

为对黄河的生态健康进行评价,调查了2008年春、秋两季干流14个河段和4座水库,并选择高等植物、底栖动物及鱼类群落特征等参数进行评价。生物评价结果既有效反映了水质和基质的空间格局,又有其自身分布特点。总体来说,上游的兰州以下河段及下游各河段的健康状况较差,中游各河段相对较好。回归分析表明了各种水文和泥沙过程对生物群落发展和生态健康的重要影响。文章最后就黄河生态系统健康的维持提出了管理建议。

The current study assessed the health status of the Yellow River ecosystem based on macrophytes, zoobenthos, fishes and their environments from investigation in Spring and Autumn, 2008 on 14 segments and 4 reservoirs on the mainstem. The results showed a high variation in health status among river segments with healthier segements concentrated in the middle reaches. The results of biological ansalysis reflected the spatial distributions of water quality and substrates of the river. Segments below Lanzhou were poor in water quality. The lower segments were better in quality but unstable in shore shapes. Segments of these two regions were therefore relative poor in eco-health. Comparatively, the middle segments were better in eco-health due to the light pollution and stable substrate. Regression analysis showed vital roles of hydrological and sediment processes in the development of biological assemblages. These findings support the importance and requirement to establish biological indexes to assess the eco-health and maintain the eco-health of the Yellow River.