唐宋以来咸丰所在地的交通概况——兼论唐崖土司的陆路交通

Traffic Situations in the Area Where Xianfeng Located from Tang Dynasty: Also on the Land Traffic of Tangya Hereditary Native Officials

历史上咸丰所在地并不闭塞,虽然在土司时期中央政府实行土汉隔离政策,"汉不入土,土不出峒",无疑影响了两地的经济文化交流,但道路还是相通的。从容美土司的经济社会文化来看,王朝的土汉隔离政策似乎也并未严格执行,中原地区的汉人还是大量地进入容美境内。唐崖土司的情况应大抵如此。因咸丰地域交通便利,向北至施州、万州,即可与长江水道、入蜀陆路相通,向西直抵四川黔江、酉阳、彭水等盐业产区,向南又有陆路连接湖南,东部有陆路可经容美抵荆州、宜昌等地,是典型的四达之地,其得天独厚的地理优势又为容美所不及,虽地处深山,但经济文化的发展程度相当高。今天,咸丰县的经济实力仍名列恩施地区各县市的前茅,除了政策、人力等因素外,还应该得益于其历史延续下来的便利交通。

Xianfeng is not an isolated place in its history.In the time of the Hereditary Native Officials,a policy of separating Han Chinese and Tujia people was practiced and economic and cultural communication between these two areas were hampered. However,the roads are available. A lot of Han Chinese went into the areas of the Hereditary Native Officials both in Rongmei and Tangya, which demonstrates that the separating policy was not practiced completely. Xianfeng has a better traffic conditions than Rongmei. To its north,Xianfeng has land roads and water navigation to Shizhou,Wanzhou; to its west,Xianfeng has roads to Qianjiang,Youyang and Pengshui of Sichuan Province where salt are produced; to its south, Xianfeng has land roads to Hunan Province; to its east,Xianfeng has land roads to Jingzou and Yichang by way of Rongmei.Today,i Xianfeng＇s economic power is stronger than most of the cities and counties in Enshi,which can be seen as a result of the convenient traffic formed in its history.