除草剂配合地膜覆盖对甘薯田杂草防除及增产的效果

Weed Control and Yield Increase by Herbicides Combined with Plastic Film Mulch in Sweet Potato Fields

选用96%精异丙甲草胺乳油、33%二甲戊乐灵乳油2种除草剂,结合地膜覆盖栽培进行甘薯田杂草防除效果试验。结果表明:覆盖黑色地膜和所用2种除草剂均可有效防除甘薯田杂草;30 d时,各措施对杂草的防除效果均在85%以上,以覆盖黑色地膜防效最高;45 d时,覆盖黑色地膜和透明地膜+喷施33%二甲戊乐灵乳油对杂草的防除效果较好,杂草株防效、鲜质量防效均在90%以上;采用地膜覆盖或除草剂除草均能提高甘薯鲜薯产量,与空白对照相比,覆盖黑色地膜处理增产极显著,达到27.70%,透明膜+除草剂的2个处理增产显著,分别为18.75%、21.33%;喷施除草剂但不覆地膜的2个处理增产不显著,分别为5.02%、6.79%。综合试验结果可知,甘薯黑色地膜覆盖栽培对甘薯田杂草防效与试验用除草剂效果相当,黑色地膜覆盖不但可有效防除甘薯田杂草,而且可提高鲜薯产量,值得推广。

The efficacy of two herbicides （96% s - metolachlor EC and 33% pendimethalin EC） combined with plastic film mulching cultivation for controlling weeds in sweet potato fields was studied. Both black plastic film mulching cultivation and the two herbicides effectively controlled weeds in sweet potato fields. All treatments provided more than 85% control at 30 days after treatment, the best control being obtained with the black plastic mulching treatment. At 45 days after treatment, black plastic mulching and 33% pendimethalin EC effectively controlled weeds above 90% based on total strain and fresh weight. The use of plastic film mulching or herbicides increased fresh tuber yields. Compared with the CK,black plastic mulching significantly increased tuber yield by 28% as well as transparent plastic film mulching combed with herbicides that increased yield by 18% to 21% whereas herbicides without plastic film mulching only increased yield by 5% to 7%. Adoption of black plastic film cultivation should be promoted in sweet potato production for effectively controlling weeds and increasing fresh tuber yield.