齿轮故障的仿真分析与研究

Research of Gear Fault Based on Virtual Prototyping Technology

在变速器智能化故障诊断过程中,传统的故障特征提取方法需要通过大量实验并结合理论分析完成,其存在周期长、成本高的问题。鉴于此,提出一种借助虚拟样机技术,通过仿真以快速提取故障特征信号的方法,即基于Solid Works构建的齿轮传动模型,利用ADAMS对其进行动力学仿真,模拟正常,轻微、中度磨损和断齿四种工况下的齿轮啮合过程,通过对比故障与正常工况下的特性曲线,得到相应故障特征。仿真结果符合齿轮振动机理,并且与实验数据相符,正确反映了故障齿轮实际啮合过程中的特征,从而验证了该方法的有效性。

Conventional experiment-based methods to extract the gears fault feature are time-consuming and lead to higher costs. This paper presents a rapid feature extraction approach that can obtain fault feature information through simulating the actual operation of gears by virtue of Virtual Prototyping Technology. Firstly,the gear models simulating various conditions, i. e. normal, mild and moderate wear, and fracture teeth are constructed in Solid Works. Second,the models are imported into ADAMS（ Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems）for dynamic simulation from which the velocity and acceleration curves are obtained. Then,by comparing the curve derived from the normal gear with the other curves,the corresponding fault information in curves was revealed. The simulation results coincide with the actual operation of gears and agree with the experimental data, thus demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of this method.