从王士性《广志绎》管窥明代浙东海洋渔业经济

A Research of Eastern Zhejiang's Marine Fishery Economy in Ming Dynasty from from Wang Shixing's Guang Zhi Yi

通过对《广志绎》关于浙东宁、绍、台、温地区海洋渔业经济记载的分析可知,这些地区的海洋渔业经济相当发达,对当代渔民的生活水平和价值观都有重要影响。海洋渔业经济是一种不同于陆地农耕经济的经济类型,从事渔业比从事农业风险要大得多,而且远比农业复杂得多。明代浙东海洋渔业经济与商品经济是直接联系在一起的,海洋经济已高度的商品化了。海洋渔业经济中也存在着封建关系,并蕴含有一定的资本主义生产关系的萌芽。同时,占有大量生产资料的势力之家(船主)在浙东海洋渔业经济中占据主导地位,而没有或占有少量生产资料的贫民则处于从属地位。

It can be seen from the analyses of the records in Guang Zhi Yi about the marine fishery economy of the coastal areas such as Ningbo, Shaoxing, Taizhou and Wenzhou in eastern Zhejiang that the marine fishery economy was quite developed in these areas in Ming Dynasty, which has important influences on the modern fishermen＇s living standard and values. The marine fishery economy is quite different from the agricultural economy, and fishing is more dangerous and complicated than agriculture. The marine fishery economy in Ming Dynasty was closely related to the commodity economy and was highly commercialized. It also had the feudal relations and contained the buds of the capitalist production relations to some extent. Meanwhile, the families of power and influence （the owners of ships） who possessed a large amount of production data occupied the dominant position in eastern Zhejiang＇s marine fishery economy, while the poor that possessed litde production data were in a subordinate status.