介子推传说的历史记忆与当代建构

Historical Memory and Contemporary Construction of Legends about Jiezi Tui

介子推是春秋时期晋国的贤臣,因其"割股奉君""功不言禄"的义举而被世人称颂,其传说更是家喻户晓。民众对介子推传说的历史记忆可从典籍文献、口承故事与地域空间三个维度进行追溯,其记忆建构过程是在传说文本"历史发端""以史运事"与"因史生事"历史演绎的基础上,利用空间物化的记忆形态来进一步加深对传说的记忆。因传说记忆主客体存在的差异性,当代介子推传说呈现出两种不同的传承模式:个体传承和集体传承并存的沁源在地化传承模式与以景观叙事为主的介休景观化传承模式。传说发展的动力机制是由多种元素相互制衡、促动而形成的,它的研究对传说的当代传承具有重要的现实意义。

Jiezi Tui was a virtuous feudal official of the State of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period,and he was highly praised by people for his heroic deeds that he cut the flesh of his lap for his monarch at a life-or-death moment and refused award afterwards.Legends about him were widely known to every household in China.We can trace back the historical memory of Jiezi Tui's legends from three aspects:ancient books or records,oral stories and regional space.Based on diachronic illation of legendary texts——relying on history,drawing from history and recreating according to history,the historical construction process uses the memory pattern of spatial materialization to further strengthen the memory for legends.Due to the differences between subject and object of legendary memory,there are two different inheritance models of tales about Jiezi Tui:one being Qinyuan model of localization inheritance combining both individual and collective inheritance;the other being Jiexiu model of landscape inheritance focusing on landscape narratives.The dynamic mechanism of the development of legends is formed by many factors which promote and affect each other,the researches to which are of great practical significance to modern inheritance of legends.