美国高校学术不端行为处理程序分析——以四所美国研究型大学为例

Analysis on Procedures of Dealing with Academic Misconduct of American Universities—Based on four American research universities

普林斯顿大学、斯坦福大学、麻省理工学院和哥伦比亚大学等四所美国高校的学术不端行为处理程序可以归纳为举报和受理、质询、调查、处罚及申诉等主要阶段。美国高校学术不端行为处理程序的阶段性分明,保证了处理的规范性;明确规定了负责相应程序的机构与人员的职责范围,形成了彼此分权制约的关系;程序的执行秉持"以人为本"理念,注重保护举报人与被举报人的相关权利;处罚措施明确具体,处罚力度有章可循。这对我国高校进一步完善学术不端行为处理程序具有重要的借鉴意义。

By analyzing the procedures of dealing with the academic misconduct of Princeton University, Stanford University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Co- lumbia University, we can draw the conclusion that the main procedures are made up of re- porting ＆ acceptance, inquiry, investigation, punishment, and appeal etc. There are clear stages in the procedures of dealing with academic misconduct of American universities, so they can ensure the standardization of disposal. The areas and responsibilities of institu- tions and managers are specified, and governance form of decentralization is set up. The execution of the procedures is based on the conception of ＂people oriented＂, and protects informant＇s rights and defendant＇s. Measures of punishment are well-fined, and efforts of punishment are rule-based. These are of great significance to Chinese colleges and universities to improve their procedures of dealing with academic misconduct..