中国维护东海权益的国际法分析

Analysis of China's Maintenance of Rights and Interests in East China Sea According to International Law

东海问题尤其是钓鱼岛主权争议问题是横亘在中日关系中的重大敏感问题,对此两国存在严重的对立和分歧,双方为维护自己的权益和立场,在东海呈现海空安全严峻态势。而造成此境况的关键要素为:日本否定争议的存在,否认"搁置争议"的共识。为此,重点分析国际争议的要义、"搁置争议"存在的背景,以及依据国际法确立钓鱼岛主权的制度。考虑到中日两国均为重要的国家,双边关系又是重要的关系,各方均有恢复和发展两国关系的意愿,所以,中日两国应以达成的处理和改善中日关系四点原则共识为基础,加强沟通和对话,从事实和国际法出发,就两国关系中的敏感问题展开谈判,以切实管控东海海空安全态势,发展和充实中日战略互惠关系内涵。应该说,以中日四个政治文件的原则和精神稳固发展中日关系,是包括两国政府和多数人民在内的国际社会的共同期盼。

Issues over East China Sea, especially sovereign disputes over Diaoyudao Islands are important and sensitive for Sino - Japanese relations. The two countries have opposing stands and disagreements and take measures to maintain their respective rights, interests and stands, which lead to an intensified severe situation concerning sea and air security in East China Sea. The key cause of the severe situation is Japan＇ s denial of the existence of disputes and the consensus of ＂setting aside disputes＂. In view of this, the paper underscores the essential implications of international disputes, the background of ＂setting aside disputes＂ and the system that determines the sovereignty over Diaoyudao Islands according to international law. Given the important sta- tus of both China and Japan, the importance of their bilateral relations and their wishes to rehabilitate and de- velop their relations, both countries should, on the basis of the common understanding of the four principles for dealing with and improving Sino -Japanese relations, strengthen communication and dialogue, negotiate on sensitive issues according to facts and international law in order to practically control the sea and air security situation in East China Sea, and develop and enrich the contents of Sino-Japanese strategic relations with mutu- al benefits. The steady development of Sino-Japanese relations according to the principles and spirits of four Si- no-Japanese political instruments is a common aspiration of the international community including Chinese and Japanese governments and most people of the two countries.