聚氨酯/蜂窝铝复合材料的压缩力学行为及缓冲吸能特性

Compression behavior and energy-absorption characteristic of aluminum honeycomb material with polyurethane filler

对空芯蜂窝铝(六边形孔)、聚氨酯、聚氨酯/蜂窝铝复合材料进行压缩试验,分析蜂窝铝和聚氨酯复合后的压缩力学行为及缓冲吸能特性.结果表明:复合材料的应力-应变曲线表现出弹性、屈服和密实三个阶段,初始刚度和屈服应力较空芯蜂窝铝有很大提高;蜂窝铝的加入使聚氨酯的变形回复降低25%;复合材料的最大吸能效率是单纯聚氨酯的1.47倍,且较大应力下复合材料具有比单纯聚氨酯更好的吸能效率;聚氨酯填充1 mm孔径蜂窝铝复合材料的最大吸能效率是聚氨酯填充2 mm孔径蜂窝铝复合材料的1.37倍;加载速率越大,吸能效率的峰值越大,且在达到最大吸能效率时的应力越大.

Static compression experiments were conducted on hollow aluminum honeycomb （hexagon aperture） , polyurethane, and aluminum honeycomb filled with polyurethane. The mechanical behavior and energy absorption characteristics of the composite were analyzed. Experimental results show that the stress-strain curve of the composite exhibits three stages： elasticity, yield and compaction. The initial stiffness and yield stress greatly increase co,npared to the hollow aluminum honeycomb. Because of the addition of the aluminum honeycomb, the deformation recovery of the polyurethane decreases by 25%. The maximum energy absorption efficiency of the composite is 1.47 times that of the pure polyurethane, and the composite materials show a better energy absorption efficiency than the pure polyurethane under a larger stress. The maximum energy absorption efficiency of the 1 mm aperture aluminum honeycomb with polyurethane filler is 1.37 times that of the 2 mm aperture aluminum honeycomb with polyurethane filler. The larger the loading rate, the greater the peak value of the energy absorption efficiency and the stress at the time of reaching the maximum ener- gy absorption efficiency are.