昆明某高校学生尿液钠钾水平与膳食摄入相关性分析

Correlation between dietary sodium and potassium intake and urinary sodium and potassium secretion among college students in Kunming

目的探讨昆明某高校在校生膳食钠钾摄入比值与随机尿钠钾排泄比值和24 h尿钠钾排泄比值之间的相关性,为学生的膳食营养指导提供参考。方法选取符合纳入标准的12名昆明某高校在校大学生(男、女各半)作为受试者,将其随机平均分入4 g/d、8 g/d、12 g/d等3个不同摄盐组(每组2男2女);为其统一提供4 d膳食,称重计算其每日膳食钠、钾摄入总量,收集并测定研究对象3 d内随机尿钠、尿钾含量和24 h尿钠、尿钾排泄总量。结果对3个不同摄盐组的膳食钠钾比值作秩和检验,3组间差异有统计学意义(F=7.731,P=0.021)。对3个不同摄盐组的24 h尿钠钾比值做方差分析,3个组间差异有统计学意义(F=7.982,P=0.01),符合分组要求。膳食钠钾比值与3 d上午随机尿钠钾比值之间有正相关关系(r值分别为0.625,0.635,0.608,P值均<0.05);膳食钠钾比值与24 h尿钠钾比值之间呈正相关(r=0.642,P=0.024)。结论通过测定在校大学生上午的随机尿钠钾排泄比值或者24 h尿钠钾排泄比值对判定膳食钠钾摄入比值有一定参考价值。

Objective To investigate the correlation between dietary sodium/potassium ratio and urinary sodium/potassium ratio among college students. Methods Students from 12 colleges who met the inclusion criteria were chosen and were randomly assigned to 4 g / d, 8 g / d, 12 g / d salt intake groups, and each group has 2 male and 2 female. All subjects were provided with same foods for 4 days. All the foods were weighed to calculate their daily total of dietary sodium, potassium and total intake. Random urine samples and 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion were collected and measured. Correlation between dietary sodium /potassium ratio and urinary sodium / potassium ratio was analyzed. Results There was a positive correlation between dietary sodium / potassium ratio and morning random urine sodium / potassium ratio（ r was 0. 625, 0. 635, 0. 608, respectively, P-value was0.03, 0.027, 0.036, respectively）. Positive correlation between dietary sodium / potassium ratio and 24 h urinary sodium / potassium ratio was also found（ r = 0.642, P = 0.024）. Conclusions Morning random urinary sodium / potassium ratio or 24 h urinary sodium /potassium ratio may be convenient indicators that would indicate dietary sodium / potassium ratio among college students.