不同施肥结构对酸性黄棕壤修复效果研究

Amelioration Effects of Different Fertilization Structure on Acid Yellow Brown Soil

利用3年田间定位试验,研究了不同施肥结构对酸性黄棕壤酸性、交换性能以及微生物区系的影响。结果表明:连年施用有机肥以及配施石灰和白云石粉均能显著降低土壤中交换性酸和交换性Al^(3+)的含量,提高土壤pH,且不同施肥结构对修复黄棕壤酸性的效果为有机肥配施石灰>有机肥配施白云石粉>有机肥;连年施用有机肥以及配施石灰主要提高了土壤中交换性Ca^(2+)含量,而配施白云石粉则主要提高了土壤中交换性Mg^(2+)含量;有机肥配施石灰和白云石粉均降低了土壤中真菌的数量,但提高了土壤中细菌/真菌比、放线菌/真菌比以及细菌和放线菌数量,改善了土壤微生物群落结构,增加了烟叶的产量和产值。

A consecutive 3-year field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization structure on soil acidity, exchange capacity and soil microflora in acid yellow brown soil. The results indicated that consecutive application of organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer application combined with lime and dolomite powders reduced significantly soil exchangeable acid and exchangeable A13＋, and increased soil pH. The amelioration effects of different fertilization structure were organic fertilizer application combined with lime〉organic fertilizer application combined with dolomite fines 〉organic fertilizer. Consecutive application of organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer combined with lime mainly increased soil exchangeable Ca2＋, while combining with dolomite fines principally promoted soil exchangeable Mg2＋. Organic fertilizer application combined with lime and dolomite fines both reduced the population of soil fungi, but increased bacteria/fungi ratio, actinomycetes/fungus ratio and the population of bacteria and actinomycetes, which changed the structure of microbial community, and increased the yield and value of tobacco leaves.