高分辨地震反射在铁路工程断裂勘察中的研究

Research on the High Resolution Seismic Reflection for Fault Exploration on the Railway Engineering

研究目的:隐伏断裂多位于平原地区,地表被松散堆积物覆盖,断裂对地震活动往往具有放大作用,对铁路工程的安全存在极大的安全隐患。浅层地震反射法是进行隐伏断裂勘察的主要方法,本文研究采用小道距小炮距高覆盖次数的高分辨浅层地震反射技术在多个项目的成功应用成果,对该方法的采集和处理技术进行分析和研究,以解决铁路工程中隐伏断裂的精确探测问题。研究结论:通过对高分辨地震反射采集和处理技术的研究,提高该技术的应用效果应采取如下几点措施:(1)采用小道距小炮距高覆盖次数观测系统;(2)采用小偏移距大炮检距;(3)选择适合的场地和震源;(4)设备要具有较强的抗干扰能力;(5)使用合适的地震处理技术;(6)本研究成果对铁路工程断裂勘察中高分辨地震反射应用具有一定的指导意义。

Research purposes： Most of buried fault is located at plain area where surface is covered by loose deposit. Usually, the fault aggravates the damage of earthquake and has great potential safety hazard for the railway engineering safety. Shallow seismic reflection is a major method for buried fault exploration. In this paper, the acquisition and processing technology of high resolution shallow seismic reflection are analyzed and summarized by several successful application of this method, to solve the problem of precise detection for buried fault in railway engineering. Research conclusions：According to the research on acquisition and processing technology of high resolution seismic reflection, in order to increase the application effects, it should take the following measures ： （ 1 ） Adopt the observation system of small group interval, small shot distance and high folds. （2） Adopt small offset and far shot - geophone distance. （3） Choose the suitable site and seismic source. （4） The equipment should have strong capacity of resisting disturbance. （5） Use suitable seismic processing technology. （6） The research results have a certain guiding significance for application of high resolution seismic reflection in fault exploration of railway engineering.