小学科学概念教学问题与对策——基于科学理论的解释和预测功能

Problems of Concept Teaching in Primary Science and Countermeasures——Based on Explanation and Prediction of Scientific Theory

科学概念是科学理论体系的基础,小学生科学概念学习的两个阶段——概念获得和概念应用,是通过科学理论的解释和预测功能联系起来的。从小学生的科学认识过程入手,从解释和预测功能视角出发,对北京市小学科学教学评优视频进行整理和分析,发现在科学概念教学中存在的问题为:注重概念结论,忽视方法引导;注重概念获得,淡化概念应用;概念获得和概念应用未能协调。提升小学科学概念教学质量的对策为:概念获得的过程与方法并重,概念获得和概念应用缺一不可,概念获得和概念应用有机联系。

Scient/fic concept is the basis of scientific theory system. The two stages of scient/fic concept learning of primary school students： concept acquisition and concept application are related by the function of explanation and prediction of scientific theory. Starting from the process of scientific understanding of pupils as well as the perspective of explanation and prediction capability, and based on the collation and analysis of science teaching video in primary schools in Beijing city, it is found that problems of concept teaching in Primary Science are： attaching importance to the conclusion of the concept,ignoring the guidance of methods;focusing on the acquisition of the concept,diluting the application of the concept; the concept acquisition and application could not get coordination. The countermeasures to improve the teaching quality of the scientific concept of primary school are as follows：equal stress shall be laid on both the process and method of concept acquiring, concept acquisition and concept application are indispensable and should be organically linked.