基于水足迹理论的江西省水资源时空特征分析

Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Features of Water Resources in Jiangxi Province Based on Water Footprint Theory

根据江西省年鉴数据,基于水足迹理论,计算出1999～2012年的水足迹,分析其时空变化特征,并综合评价水资源利用效益。结果表明：1999～2012年,江西省社会总水足迹量、农产品虚拟水消费量及人均水足迹均呈现上升的趋势,农产品虚拟水消费量占到水足迹总量的93%以上;2012年江西省粮食产量、虚拟水总量、人均虚拟水、单位面积虚拟水都呈现以鄱阳湖湖区平原及赣江中下游高值区,省界四周及赣州低值连片区的空间分布特征;水资源承载力、压力指数年际变化较大,水资源强度呈现下降的趋势,由485.43 m3/万元下降到97.06 m3/万元,平均下降速度达到27.91%,利用效益逐步提高。

Based on the theory of water footprint and the data of Jiangxi Provincial Yearbook during 1999 ~ 2012,this article calculated the water footprint,analyzed its spatial and temporal change characteristics,and comprehensively evaluated the utilization efficiency of water resources. The results showed that： from 1999 to 2012,the social total water footprint,virtual water consumption of agricultural products,and per-capita water footprint in Jiangxi province all presented a rising trend,and the virtual water consumption of agricultural products accounted for over 93% of the total water footprint. In 2012,the grain yield,total virtual water,per-capita virtual water,and virtual water per unit area of Jiangxi province all presented the following spatial distribution characteristics： high-value regions were located in the Poyang Lake plain and the middle and lower reaches of the Ganjiang River; low-value regions were located in the periphery of provincial boundary and in Ganzhou city. The inter-annual changes in water resource carrying capacity and pressure index were large. The water resources intensity decreased from 485.43 m3 per ten thousand yuan to 97.06 m3 per ten thousand yuan,and its average decline rate reached 27.91%,indicating that the utilization efficiency of water resources was gradually improved.