土地征收前后农民福利水平变化研究——以上海市嘉定区安亭镇的两个小区为例

Research of Peasants' Welfare Before and After Land Acquisition——in case of two residential demolition in Anting Town, Jiading District, Shanghai

随着工业化和城镇化进程加快,近年来上海郊区失地农民数量进一步增加。农民一旦失去土地,土地对农民所起到的最低生活水平的保障效用、生活环境及生活状态均发生变化,农民的福利状态也因此不同。为探究农民失地后福利水平变化,基于森的可行能力理论,提出了构成农民福利水平的活动指标,并以上海市嘉定区安亭镇的绿苑新城小区与春盛苑小区为例,进行实地调研。结果显示:该两小区土地征收前后农民的福利水平有明显的上升,福利水平的总模糊指数由0.313上升到了0.387。征地后,社会保障、健康与休闲的福利水平有了非常显著的提高;而收入与恩格尔系数、工作与就业、住房与环境、社会活动与交往方面则在征地之后没有得到改善,反而较之前有所下降。

As industrialization and urbanization accelerate in recent years, the number of landless peasants in Shanghai suburbs continuously increases. Once farmers lose their land, it leads to a series of changes, including the subsistence level of security effectiveness, the living environment and living conditions, and as a result, farmers＇ welfare state is different. To explore the changes of peasants＇ welfare before and after land acquisition, activity indicators to form peasants＇ welfare level were proposed based on Capability Approach of Amartya Sen, and a series of field research were done in Luyuan New Town Community and Chunshengyuan Community in Jiading District, Shanghai The outcome shows that the welfare levels in both communities increase significantly after land acquisition, from 0.313 to 0.387. After land acquisition, the index value of social security, health and leisure increase, but the index value of income and Engel coefficient, work and employment housing and environment, social activities and interaction terms are not only improved, but decrease rather than before