柏拉图对诗中英雄形象的尽善尽美为何行不通——以革命样板戏中“高大全”式英雄形象的失败为参照

Infeasibility of Plato's Extreme Requirements to Hero Images in Poetries : Case Study of Failure of Perfect Hero Images in China's Revolutionary Model Opera

出于建设理想国度、教化公民的政治目的,柏拉图在《理想国》卷二至卷三中,对诗中的英雄形象提出了尽善尽美的要求。柏拉图心目中的完美英雄形象与新中国革命样板戏中的"高大全"式英雄形象有着许多相似处,后者在文艺史中的失败,虽然间接却十分充分地说明柏拉图对诗中英雄形象的尽善尽美要求行不通。柏拉图对"理想国"中的公民缺乏信心,担心公民会受不好的文艺、教育影响,因此他强调诗人的教化职责,要求诗中的英雄形象必须尽善尽美。

In The Republic（ Volume Two to Three）,Plato urged the hero images in poetries to be perfect in the purpose of constructing an ideal country and educating citizens. There are many similarities between the perfect hero images in Plato＇s mind and the perfect hero images in China＇s revolutionary model opera. The failure of the perfect hero images in China＇s revolutionary model opera,was indirectly but fully shown the failure of Plato＇s requirements. Plato lacked of confidence in his ideal country＇s citizens,worried about the citizens being affected by bad art or bad education. As a result,he urged poets to educate the citizens with good content,and urged the hero images in poetries to be perfect.