清代云南铜政与皇朝中央的财政思想探析

Finance Thought of Qing Dynasty's Central Government and Copper Policy in Yunnan

滇铜开发是清代的重要国政。从滇铜开发中,可以窥见农耕文明下由于国家制度和文化思想的僵化,导致"乡-土-人"结构缺乏调适弹力而不能自我调节,逐渐呈现为一种静止状态。基于对清代云南铜政的研究分析,在"乡土中国"的视野下对清代皇朝中央的财政思想进行解读,指出其财政思想的实质端在于维持农耕社会的最低需求,滇铜开发的经济利润成为田赋的变相补充。

Developing Yunnan copper was an important national policy for Qing Dynasty government. From the development of Yunnan copper we may find that the ＂hometown- land- farmer＂structure could not self- adapt because of the fossilization of national policy and people＇s minds and cultures under the agricultural cultures. The finance thought of Qing Dynasty＇s central government is interpreted from the perspective of＂agricultural China＂based on the survey of policy of Yunnan copper to find that the essence of the finance thought was to maintain the lowest social need in the agricultural society. The development of Yunnan copper became the complementary to the land tax.