心理咨询中的非言语行为

Non-verbal behaviors in counseling

非言语行为一般指不包含语言内容的人际交流行为。心理咨询作为人际沟通的一门艺术,非常强调非言语行为的重要性。已有研究发现心理咨询中的非言语行为在咨询师和当事人的互动中对咨询有促进作用,同时咨询师不当的非言语行为也会阻碍心理咨询。总结前人研究发现心理咨询中非言语行为的研究现状存在实证研究不足、孤立于咨询进程进行研究等问题,并且研究方法较为单一。如果要突破目前的研究瓶颈,需要借鉴其他领域的研究方法。

Non-verbal behaviors are defined as behaviors without linguistic content. As an art of interpersonal communication, psychological counseling emphasizes the use of non-verbal behaviors. Existing researches have demonstrated that appropriate non-verbal behaviors could enhance the counseling process. On the other hand, inappropriate non-verbal behaviors have impeded the counseling process. By reviewing previous studies, main problems in this field were summarized as follows： 1） lack of empirical research; 2） limited to counseling process research; as well as 3） monotonous research methods which lead to stagnation of research. There is a call for a breakthrough in this field, and methods from other relevant fields may help to eliminate the bottleneck.