转基因食品认知状况分析

Analysis on Genetically Modified Food Knowledge in China

目的:了解我国消费者对转基因食品的认知现状,为我国转基因食品监管及科普宣传提供数据支撑及政策建议。方法:采用配额抽样法,对我国23个省市的318个县/区的9 800名消费者随机进行转基因食品的认知水平相关问题的问卷调查;利用SPSS 19.0对调查数据进行分析。结果:在9 719份有效问卷中,了解转基因食品的有3 075人(31.7%)、认为对转基因食品一般了解的有3 168人(32.6%)、认为不了解转基因食品的有3 476人(35.7%);认为食用转基因食品安全的有3 954人(40.7%)、不清楚是否安全的有3 488人(35.9%)、认为食用转基因食品不安全的有2 277人(23.5%)。当问及消费者是否会购买转基因食品时,18.6%表示会购买、34.9%表示不会购买转基因食品、而有46.4%的消费者表示不确定。通过卡方检验得出,户籍和文化程度都是影响转基因食品认知水平的重要因素。结论:我国消费者对转基因食品的认知水平总体偏低,政府相关职能部门应加大对转基因食品的科普宣传力度,特别是在农村的转基因食品科普宣传;同时健全相关法律法规与监管体制,保障公众食品安全,促进转基因食品产业健康发展。

【Objective】To study the knowledge of genetically modified food（ GMF） of consumers in China to provide the data references for the education of knowledge related to GMF and the management of GMF. 【Method】Through the method of questionnaire survey and random sampling,the survey was conducted among the 9 800 consumers from 318 counties of 23 provinces to study their knowledge of GMF.The data was analyzed by SPSS 19. 0 software. 【Result】There were 9 800 questionnaires in total,except incomplete data,9 719 participants were included,of which 3 075 knew GMF（ 31. 7%）,3 168 were intermediate（ 32. 6%）,and 3 476 did not know（ 35. 7%）.Among the participants,3 954 though it was safe to eat GMF（ 40. 7%）,3 488 did not know whether it was safe or not（ 35. 9%）,and2 277 did not think it’s safe（ 23. 5%）. When it came to whether they would buy the GMF,18. 6% of the customers reported they would buy it,34. 9% showed they would no buy it,and 46. 4% said they were not sure whether they had ever bought it. With the method of chi square test,origin and education level were important factors influencing the knowledge of GMF among consumers. 【Conclusion】Currently,the knowledge of consumers in China about GMF remained low and weak. The paper suggestsed that the government should strengthen the popularization and education of GMF,especially for the consumers in rural area,attach more importance to the GMF related researches and risk assessment,and eliminate the distrust and fear of consumers to guarantee the food safety and promote the development of GMF industry.