分级诊疗背景下医学生基层就业意愿影响因素分析

Influence factors of medical students' employment in grassroots health institutions under the background of tiered medical service

目的:了解医学生到基层医疗机构就业的意愿及影响因素,为制定基层人才激励政策提供依据。方法:采取分层随机抽样的方法从某医学院校临床、护理、口腔三个专业抽取360名医学毕业生进行匿名自填式问卷调查,用描述性分析及二分类Logistic回归的方法进行数据分析。结果:回收有效问卷332份,愿意到基层医疗机构工作的有178人,占53.6%,;影响医学生到基层就业的因素有:基层工资待遇情况、户口性质,家庭经济条件、父母对子女到基层就业的态度、促进基层就业政策的有效性、对学校基层就业指导的评价。结论:建立科学有效的激励政策,加强医学生就业思想的引导;改善基层医疗机构的条件和环境,健全基层卫生服务人员的保障机制是促进医学生愿意到基层就业的有效措施。

Objective To explore the medical students＂ willingness to work in primary health institutions and analyze its influence factors,and to provide basis for the development of grassroots talent incentive policy. Methods The anony- mous self--response questionnaires were used to investigate 360 students major in clinical medicine, oral medicine and nursing of a university who were selected by stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis and binary Logistic regression method. Results A total of 332 questionnaires were retrieved, and the effective rate was 92.2%. 178 students （53.6%） were willing to work at the grassroots health institutions,and 154 students （46.4%） were not willing to. The factors of effecting medical students to the grassroots employment were income, registered residence, household financial condition, parents＇ attitude to children working in grassroots health institutions, policy ef- fectiveness of promoting grassroots employment,and evaluation of school primary--employment guidance. Conclusions It is necessary to establish scientific and effective incentive policies, strengthen guidance on medical students＇ wish for employment,improve the working environment of grassroots health institutions, and perfect the guarantee mechanism for community health service personnel, which are the effective measures to promote the employment of medical students in grassroots health institutions.