基于产品担保期限的闭环供应链协调策略

The Coordination Strategyof Product Warranty Period in the Closed-loop Supply Chain

当前将产品担保因素引入闭环供应链系统的相关研究还不多见。从产品担保期限切入,应用博弈理论构建闭环供应链最优决策模型,探讨在分散式与集中式决策模式下,新产品、再制造产品的担保期限对闭环供应链系统的影响。结果表明:随着新产品与再制造产品担保期限的延长,其价格逐渐升高,而产量与闭环供应链内各主体的利润则呈现先增大后减小之趋势,在特定担保期限组合处达到最大;相对于分散式决策,集中式决策下闭环供应链的效率更高。由此需在生产商与销售商之间引入收益共享契约,通过调整新产品与再制造产品的批发价,在为消费者提供尽可能好的担保服务的同时,使闭环供应链总利润达到集中式决策下的水平。

Previous papers paid little attention to the factor of product warranty in closed-loop supply chain.In this work,we add a key point of product warranty to the closed-loop supply chain and build the optimal decision-making model by using game theory,and analyze the effects on the warranty periods of new and remanufactured products under the two conditions of decentralized and centralized decision-making.Results shows that as the warranty periods prolong,both the wholesale and retail prices of new and remanufactured products gradually increase,while the yield and the profits of manufacturer,retailer and closed-loop supply chain first increase and then decrease,reaching the maximum in a specific combination of the warranty periods.The efficiency of closed-loop supply chain under the condition of centralized decisionmaking is higher than that under the decentralized one.Therefore,in order to ensure the total profit of closed-loop supply chain to achieve the level of centralized decision-making,a benefit-sharing contract should be designed to provide the best warranty services for consumers by adjusting the wholesale price of the new and remanufactured products.