近代乡绅技术观转型的社会经济基础——以近代珠三角机器缫丝技术应用为例

The Social-Economic Foundation of Modern Rural Gentry's Change in Their Conception of Technology

本文以机器缫丝技术在近代中国的引进和应用为例,分析了近代乡绅技术观的分化和转型。在机器缫丝技术引进和应用之初,出于文化价值理念上的排斥,以及基于经济收入和社会地位等的考虑,乡绅对近代机器缫丝技术表现出强烈的反感和抵制。随着机器缫丝技术应用的发展,技术红利逐渐取代价值理念,成为影响乡绅应对行为的主要因素。分享到技术红利的乡绅也逐渐从抵制转为尝试性参与,甚至积极参与;未能分享到技术红利的乡绅则在更长时间内持续抵制新技术。分析表明:新技术的应用方式直接影响着乡绅分享技术红利的机会和能力,也由此建构了近代乡绅价值观转型的社会经济基础。

With the introduction and application of stream filature technology in modern China as an example,this paper discusses the division and transformation of rural gentry's conception of technology. In the initial period,due to ideological intolerance and the concerns for loss of economic benefit and social status,rural gentry demonstrated strong repulsion and resistance against stream filature technology. However,as the technology was gaining grounds,dividends generated from the technology gradually tilted the rural gentry's attitude in favor of it. Those who gained more dividends had a more positive attitude to the new technology. Our study shows that the way the technology was applied had a direct impact on the rural gentry's capability of partakingdividends and guided their value change.