居家护理在微创OCM入路全髋关节置换患者中应用的效果

Application of home care in total hip replacement patients with minimally invasive OCM approach

目的 探讨居家护理在微创前外侧入路全髋关节置换患者康复中的护理效果,以期为患者提供全面无缝隙的护理.方法 将79例经微创前外侧入路THA患者分为观察组和对照组,观察组38例,对照组41例.观察组出院后实施居家护理,包括健康教育、电话随访和上门访视等护理措施.对照组在出院时给予常规健康宣教.比较两组患者出院时及出院3个月后Harris髋关节评分、功能独立性（FIM）、日常生活活动能力（ADL）评分情况.结果 出院时,两组患者Harris、FIM和ADL评分比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,出院后3个月后两组Harris、FIM和ADL评分均高于出院时,但观察组3项评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜O.01）.结论 实施居家护理可以提高患者的日程生活能力、髋关节功能的整体恢复和髋关节功能独立性,改善其生活质量,达到全面康复的目的.

Objective To explore the nursing effect of home care in patients with minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty （THA） in patients with minimally invasive surgery,and to provide comprehensive and seamless care for patients.Methods A total of 79 patients with THA were divided into observation group （38 cases）and control group（41 cases）.The observation group received home care,including health education,telephone follow-up,home visits and other nursing measures.Control group followed the routine nursing education.Activity of Daily Living Scale（ADL）,Functional Independence Measure（FIM） and Harris scores were compared between the two groups of patients when discharged and three months after discharge.Results In the observation group and the control group,the ADL,FIM and Harris scores were gradually increased at 3 months after discharge which had no difference when discharge （P 〉 0.05）.The ADL,FIM and Harris scores of the observation group were significantly higher than that in the control group at 3 months after discharge （P 〈 0.01）.Conclusions Implementation of home care can improve patients＇ ability of daily life,the whole hip joint function recovery and hip function independence,thus it makes their quality of life better,achieving the goal of comprehensive rehabilitation.