瞬间现象与田野传统:民族志新闻的意义与前提

Transitory Phenomena and the Fieldwork Tradition:The Significance and Prerequisite of Ethnographic Journalism

民族志新闻试图将民族志与新闻实务进行整合以突破现有新闻生产模式,这一设想已在美国、丹麦等国实践并获得学界响应。以客观性为基础的新闻生产模式受限于既有的视野方法,将客观性目标变为消极策略,导致理念与实践在一定程度脱节。在后现代知识转型背景下,民族志新闻试图通过对记者与采访对象关系及视角的反思以重建更为均衡的叙事格局,恢复被遮蔽的多元性和差异性,让新闻释放更多平等的意义。民族志新闻需具备若干前提。公共服务能力应作为评价其实践效果的重要标准。到目前为止,民族志新闻还处于实验阶段,它在批判传统客观性的同时能否真正扮演好建设者的角色还有待观察。

Ethnographic journalism integrates journalism with ethnographic to break the existing news production model, which have been taken into practice and responded by academia in the United States, Denmark. Current news production model based on objectivity is limited by the traditional views and methods of objectivity and turn objective into passive strategies, which leads to the disconnection between concept and practice. In the context ofpostmodern knowledge transformation, Ethnographic journalism challenged traditional objectivity and attempted to rebuild a more balanced narrative pattern by rethinking the relationship between the interviewer and the sources ,and perspective to restore concealed pluralism and diversity, making journalism to release more equal meanings. Ethnographic journalism needs some premises. Public service capacity should be regarded as an important standard to evaluate ethnographic journalism. Until now, Ethnographic journalism is still in trial stage. Still, whether ethnographic journalism will play its constructive part well while its criticizing traditional objectivity remains to be seen.