三峡水库泥沙调度探索

Sediment Regulation Practice in the Three Gorges Reservoir

对三峡水库进入正常蓄水运用中的泥沙调度方式和调度结果进行总结,并对解决库区回水末端重点浅滩河段泥沙淤积加重的问题进行了初步试验研究。结果表明:一般在汛前4月下旬-5月上旬库水位消落期,当入库流量相对较大时,控制库水位日降幅度和调度时间;或在汛期,当预报上游有较大的来水来沙过程时,利用沙峰滞后洪峰的规律和汛期主要的洪水过程排沙量较大的特点,适时控制库水位和下泄流量,均可达到排沙减淤特别是减少库区回水末端淤积的目的。本文丰富了水库泥沙调度理论,并为三峡水库正常运行期科学调度积累了宝贵经验。

The sediment regulation practice in the Three Gorges Reservoir, especially the regulation mode and perform- ance since its normal operation, is introduced. Also, a preliminary experimental study is carded out to solve the aggra- vated sediment problem in the end of the reservoir backwater. It shows that the reservoir sediment, especially the sedi- ment in the end of the reservoir backwater could be alleviated by a proper regulation on the reservoir water level and dis- charging flow. In the water level drawdown period from late April to early May, the sediment regulation should be car- ried out when the inflow is relatively large, and the daily water level drawdown speed and regulating time should be the main controlling factors. In the flood season, the sediment regulation should be focused on the water level and dischar- ging flow during large flood events, because the sediment peak is always later than the flood peak and the sediment flushing quantity is large in main flood events. It could be useful experience for the scientific regulation of reservoir sedi- ment.